Length, Weight, Time and Money: Class 2 Study Guide
Measuring helps us answer 'how long, how heavy, how much, what time and how much does it cost?'
Length is measured in centimetres (cm) and metres (m). A ruler is 30 cm long and 100 cm make 1 m. We measure a pencil in centimetres and a room in metres. Weight is measured in grams (g) and kilograms (kg): 1000 g make 1 kg. Capacity is measured in litres (L).
Class 2 children also tell time on a clock, learn the days and months, and use rupees (₹) in shopping problems.
Units at a glance
| What we measure | Units | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Length | cm, m | A pencil is 15 cm; a door is 2 m |
| Weight | g, kg | A pen is 10 g; a bag of rice is 5 kg |
| Capacity | L, mL | A bucket holds 10 L |
| Time | hours, minutes | School starts at 8 o'clock |
| Money | ₹ and paise | A pencil costs ₹5 |
Reading the clock
The short hand shows the hour and the long hand shows the minutes. At o'clock the long hand is on 12. At half past the long hand is on 6. At quarter past it is on 3 and at quarter to it is on 9. A digital clock shows the same time with numbers such as 3:30.
It tells the hour.
On 12 is o'clock.
Half past 3 is 3:30.
Money
The Indian rupee has coins of ₹1, ₹2, ₹5 and ₹10, and notes of ₹10, ₹20, ₹50 and ₹100. To add money, add rupees to rupees. Example: a notebook costs ₹25 and a pen costs ₹10, so together ₹35. If you pay ₹50, you get ₹15 back (change). Practise 'shopkeeper' games at home with play money.
Worked examples and common mistakes
Example: A ribbon is 1 m 20 cm long. That is 120 cm. Example: Two bags of 2 kg sugar weigh 4 kg. Common mistakes: measuring from the end of the ruler instead of from 0, confusing the long and short hands and forgetting the unit in the answer. Always write the unit: 15 cm, ₹35.
Check your understanding: model answers
1. 200 cm. 2. The long hand points to 6 and the short hand sits between 5 and 6. 3. ₹40 + ₹15 = ₹55.
✨ Key Takeaways
- Length: cm and m; weight: g and kg; capacity: L.
- The long hand shows minutes; the short hand shows hours.
- Add and subtract money with rupees.
- Always write the unit.
💬 Questions for Discussion & Reflection
- How many centimetres are in 2 m?
- Show half past 5 on a clock.
- A kite costs ₹40 and a string costs ₹15. What is the total?