Air, Water and Weather: Class 2 Study Guide
We cannot see air, but we can feel it. We need it, and water, to live.
Air is all around us. We cannot see it, but we can feel it when the wind blows, and we can show it exists by blowing up a balloon. Living things need air to breathe. Moving air is called wind. A gentle breeze is cool; a strong storm can be dangerous.
Water comes from rain, rivers, lakes, ponds and wells. It falls as rain when clouds are full of water droplets. The Sun heats water in rivers and seas, which becomes vapour and rises to make clouds. This is the water cycle.
Seasons in India
India has a variety of seasons. Not every region has all of them in the same way.
| Season | Weather | What we wear and do |
|---|---|---|
| Summer | Hot and sunny | Light cotton clothes, drink lots of water |
| Monsoon (rainy) | Heavy rain, cloudy | Raincoat, umbrella, careful on wet roads |
| Autumn | Pleasant and mild | Festivals and harvest time |
| Winter | Cool or cold | Sweaters, jackets, warm food |
Uses of water and saving it
We use water to drink, cook, wash, grow food and keep clean. Fresh water is limited, so we must save it: turn off taps, use a mug and bucket, fix leaks and reuse water to water plants. Never waste water, and keep ponds and rivers clean.
How many times do you use water today?
Close the tap while brushing.
Use rice-washing water for plants.
Do not throw rubbish in water.
Weather safety
In heavy rain, stay indoors and away from deep water. In lightning, do not stand under a tree. In very hot weather, wear a cap, drink water and avoid playing in the midday sun. In cold weather, wear warm clothes. Listen to grown-ups and weather news.
Worked examples and common mistakes
Example: Why do clouds form? Water from seas and rivers evaporates, rises and cools. Example: Why do we wear light clothes in summer? To stay cool. Common mistakes: thinking that clouds are cotton or smoke (they are tiny drops of water) and thinking that air is nothing. Air takes up space, as the balloon shows.
Check your understanding: model answers
1. Blow up a balloon or wave a paper fan and feel the air on your face. 2. Summer, monsoon, autumn and winter. 3. Close the tap when you brush your teeth and fix a leaking tap.
✨ Key Takeaways
- Air is all around us and we need it to breathe.
- Water falls as rain and moves through the water cycle.
- India has summer, monsoon, autumn and winter seasons.
- We must save water and stay safe in all weather.
💬 Questions for Discussion & Reflection
- How can you show that air is around us?
- Name the four seasons of India.
- Give two ways to save water at home.
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