Long Multiplication Worksheets
Free printable long multiplication worksheets with answer keys. Long multiplication with two-digit or three-digit multipliers, such as 46 × 37 or 254 × 63.
Using this page
Long multiplication with two-digit or three-digit multipliers, such as 46 × 37 or 254 × 63. Grade 4 in the Common Core introduces multiplying two two-digit numbers and Grade 5 expects the standard algorithm to be fluent. The column layout leaves room to write the partial products. Suits around Year 5 and Year 6 in Australia and Grades 4 and 5 in the US (Common Core 4.NBT.B.5 and 5.NBT.B.5), but use whatever level fits the child.
Tips
- Practise multiplication and division facts side by side, because each fact gives three others.
- Estimate before working out: 47 × 6 is about 50 × 6 = 300.
- Check division by multiplying back: the answer times the divisor, plus any remainder, gives the starting number.
- Squared or graph paper keeps long calculations in neat columns.
Worked example
46 × 37. First 46 × 7 = 322. Then 46 × 30 = 1380 (write a zero in the ones place, then 46 × 3 = 138). Add the two rows: 322 + 1380 = 1702. So 46 × 37 = 1702. Estimate: 50 × 40 = 2000, so 1702 is sensible.
Common mistakes
Forgetting the zero placeholder in the second row, which makes 46 × 30 look like 138. Write the zero first.
Adding the partial products wrongly after all the work. Line the rows up carefully.
How to use this generator
Choose the options above the sheet: the number of questions and the settings for this kind of worksheet. Every change makes a new sheet straight away, and New worksheet gives a different set of questions with the same settings.
Each sheet has a worksheet number printed at the top. Type the same number later, or keep the page link, to print exactly the same questions and answer key again. Leave Answer key page ticked to print the answers on a second page, then press Print. Every printed page carries the makekite logo and web address.
Common questions
Is the grid method acceptable?
Yes. The grid or area method splits both numbers by place value and gives the same partial products. It is a good bridge to the column method.
How much working space is there?
The column and bus stop layouts leave space under each question for working. For long multiplication and long division, choose fewer questions for more space.
Can I print the same worksheet again?
Yes. Note the worksheet number printed at the top, or keep the link in your browser's address bar, which ends with that number. Entering it later gives the same questions and answers.
Is it free?
Yes. There is no sign-up, and nothing you choose is sent anywhere: the sheets are made in your browser.